Israel's Election Showdown: Key Candidates and Their Stances on Palestinian Statehood

Israel is on the cusp of a pivotal election next week, with outcomes that could significantly impact the broader region. Amidst growing international recognition of Palestinian statehood, this article delves into the primary political figures and their stated positions on this critical issue.

Benjamin Netanyahu, the incumbent Prime Minister, has been a dominant and polarizing force in Israeli politics for decades. While Tuesday's vote is not a simple left-versus-right contest, it centers on whether Israelis will re-elect "Bibi" Netanyahu. Despite current polling not indicating a majority for him, his ability to influence coalition negotiations, especially in a potential stalemate, means he cannot be discounted. His supporters laud his extensive experience, fluency in English, and relationships with global leaders, notably former US President Donald Trump. Conversely, critics argue that his leadership has led to international isolation, compromised security through prolonged conflicts post-October 7, 2023, and bolstered the far-right and ultra-Orthodox, potentially steering Israel towards a theocratic state.

Regarding the two-state solution, Mr. Netanyahu has consistently expressed strong opposition to a Palestinian state, asserting it has been a lifelong goal to prevent its establishment. His government has overseen a significant expansion of illegal settlements in the occupied West Bank, which are widely viewed as a major impediment to a two-state solution. Furthermore, his coalition partners have indicated intentions to resettle the Gaza Strip.

Gadi Eisenkot, a former military chief of staff, is campaigning on a platform of military efficiency to unseat Mr. Netanyahu. His direct approach has propelled him to the forefront of the opposition, surpassing more seasoned politicians. His party, Yashar, signifies "honesty" in Hebrew, and his appeal is largely based on his persona rather than specific policies. Hailing from Mizrahi Jewish heritage and the Israeli periphery, he contrasts with the Ashkenazi elite often found in politics. He experienced personal loss during the Gaza war. While not opposed to the use of military force, including the controversial Dahieh doctrine, and not against settlements in the occupied West Bank, his focus on a state commission of inquiry into the October 7 attacks and ending draft exemptions for ultra-Orthodox Israelis places him at odds with Mr. Netanyahu. In August, Mr. Eisenkot stated that a Palestinian state would not emerge under his government, and he has criticized Mr. Netanyahu for previously supporting the two-state solution.

Itamar Ben-Gvir, the National Security Minister, is a convicted criminal who has overseen Israel's police. He is a prominent figure in the current coalition, often expressing satisfaction with the destruction in Gaza, harsher conditions for Palestinian prisoners, and the proliferation of illegal settlements. He commands growing support from the populist right, particularly among younger, politically active demographics. Critics of Mr. Netanyahu often blame the Prime Minister for empowering Mr. Ben-Gvir, hoping a different government could curb his influence. Despite potential shifts in the Netanyahu bloc, Mr. Ben-Gvir's strong poll numbers and social media presence suggest his political longevity.

Mr. Ben-Gvir is a staunch opponent of a Palestinian state, advocating instead for Israeli annexation of the occupied West Bank and the resettlement of Gaza, including the expulsion of its Palestinian residents. He has previously suggested assassinating Palestinian Authority officials if the UN recognized a Palestinian state.

Naftali Bennett and Yair Lapid, former Prime Ministers, have seen their political influence wane since forming the "Together" party. Their combined efforts have failed to generate significant momentum, overshadowed by Mr. Eisenkot. Their campaign is perceived as cautious and lacking dynamism.

Regarding the two-state solution, Mr. Bennett, a former settler leader, opposes it, citing security concerns. Mr. Lapid, while historically more open to separation, has recently adopted a harder stance, labeling international recognition of a Palestinian state as a "diplomatic disaster" and a "reward for terrorism."

Mansour Abbas, chairman of the Arab-Israeli Ra’am party, is a potential kingmaker. A significant increase in voter turnout among Arab citizens could grant his party considerable influence in the Knesset. The Arab community has faced rising crime and attacks from the right wing since Mr. Ben-Gvir took charge of the police. Increased motivation to vote, coupled with the ongoing conflict in Gaza and the occupied West Bank, could empower leaders like Mr. Abbas.

Mr. Abbas has called for Israel to recognize an "independent Palestinian state," expressing a desire to work towards peace, reconciliation, and an end to the occupation and conflict.